Introduction
When it comes to Arduino boards, there are various options available to suit different project requirements. In this article, we will compare two popular models, Arduino Nano and Arduino 1 R4, and discuss their differences in terms of PWM, sensors, timers, and touch inputs.
Understanding Arduino and Arduino Boards
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that allows users to create interactive projects and prototypes. It consists of both hardware and software components. Arduino boards are the physical devices that provide the foundation for building and programming these projects. In this article, we will explore the different types of Arduino boards and their power input specifications.
Arduino Nano
The Arduino Nano is a compact board that was recently released, offering great versatility for various projects. It can be powered by a USB connection, providing a 5-volt power input. Additionally, it has a wide voltage range for external power input, ranging from 6 to 21 volts through the external power pin. This is made possible by a reliable step-down regulator that ensures stable and efficient power supply. The Arduino Nano is an excellent choice for projects that require a compact size and flexible power options.
Arduino Uno R4
The Arduino Uno R4 is another popular Arduino board that provides powerful features and capabilities. Similar to the Arduino Nano, it can be powered by a 5-volt input, either through USB or an external power source. However, the Arduino Uno R4 offers a wider voltage range for external power input, from 5 to 24 volts. This makes it suitable for projects that require a higher voltage supply. It is worth noting that the Arduino Uno R4 also includes a convenient power jack for easy power connection.
Powering the MCU
While the power input specifications mentioned above are for the Arduino boards themselves, it is also important to consider the power supply for the microcontroller unit (MCU) on each board. Let’s start with the Arduino Nano. It is powered by a voltage range of 3 to 5 volts.
The Power Range of ESP32 S3 and Arduino Nano R4
The power range of the ESP32 S3 is 6 volts, while the Arduino Nano R4 uses a range of 1.6 to 5 volts. This is an important distinction between the two microcontrollers.
The Microcontrollers: ESP32 S3 and Arduino Nano R4
On the left side, we have the Arduino Nano, which has a door board manufactured by You Blocks. Inside, it features a compact ESP32 S3 with pins located below. On the right side, we have the Arduino Nano R4, which utilizes a Remesas M1 microcontroller and also integrates a smaller ESP32 S3 Mini for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities. This makes the Arduino Nano R4 more compact compared to the Arduino Nano.
The Cores: ARM Cortex M4 and ESP32S3 Dual Core
Examining the cores of each module, the Arduino Nano R4 uses a 32-bit ARM Cortex M4, while the Arduino Nano utilizes an ESP32S3 Dual Core. The ESP32S3 boasts powerful Extensa LX7 architecture, making it significantly more potent than the Cortex M4. Referencing the graph, we can observe the ARM Cortex M3 and M4, followed by the first family of Tensilica cores. Lastly, we have the second family of more advanced Extensa cores. In this case, the Arduino Nano R4 features a Remesas with only one core, while the ESP32S3 boasts an impressive Dual Core configuration.
Arduino Nano vs Arduino 1 R4: A Comparison of Features and Performance
CPU Clock Speed and Performance
When it comes to CPU clock speed, the Arduino Nano takes the lead. Running at 240 MHz, it boasts up to 600 DMIPS, making it quite powerful. On the other hand, the Arduino 1 R4 runs at a maximum of 48 megahertz with only 60 DMIPS. Comparatively, the Arduino Nano is ten times more powerful than the Arduino 1 R4 in terms of CPU performance.
Memory
Moving on to memory, the Arduino Nano outshines the Arduino 1 R4. The Arduino Nano has 512 kilobytes of RAM, with 384 kilobytes dedicated to RAM for RTC. Additionally, it has an external flash memory that can be used up to 16 megabytes. Conversely, the Arduino 1 R4 has only 200 kilobytes of flash memory, with 32 kilobytes dedicated to RAM and a mere 8 kilobytes of flash memory for flash data. Clearly, the Arduino Nano takes the lead in memory capacity.
Digital Inputs and Outputs
According to documentation, the Arduino Nano offers 21 available GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pins, indicated by the orange color. On the other hand, the Arduino 1 R4 has only 18 GPIO pins, also marked in orange. Therefore, the Arduino Nano wins in terms of the number of digital input and output options.
Analog Inputs and Outputs
In terms of analog inputs, the Arduino Nano has only 8 analog inputs and lacks AC (analog comparator) functionality. However, the Arduino 1 R4 features 6 14-bit ADCs (Analog-to-Digital Converters) and has built-in operational amplifiers on its pins, as well as a 12-bit DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter). While the Arduino Nano offers more analog inputs, the variety and additional features of the Arduino 1 R4 give it an advantage.
USB Connectivity
Both the Arduino Nano and Arduino 1 R4 feature USB Type-C connectors, which is beneficial as modern modules often utilize this type of port. Each microcontroller has its native USB module, enabling programming via USB. However, one drawback is that the USB port is not available for use in other USB-specific applications. Nevertheless, both microcontrollers utilize USB Type-C, providing convenient connectivity.
Overall, in terms of CPU performance, memory capacity, digital and analog inputs and outputs, as well as USB connectivity, the Arduino Nano proves to be the more powerful and versatile microcontroller compared to the Arduino 1 R4. However, the specific needs of a project will determine which microcontroller is the better choice.
The Differences Between Arduino Nano and Arduino 1 R4
PWM Capabilities
Arduino Nano documentation states that it has 5 active PWM outputs, while Arduino 1 R4 has 6 PWM outputs. This means that Arduino 1 R4 offers an additional PWM output, which can be beneficial for projects that require more precise control over multiple devices.
Sensors
Both Arduino Nano and Arduino 1 R4 come with internal temperature sensors. However, they differ in terms of variety. Arduino Nano only has temperature sensors, while Arduino 1 R4 offers a wider range of sensor options. This can be advantageous when working on projects that require the use of multiple sensors for different purposes.
Booking and Debugging
When it comes to making bookings, Arduino Nano utilizes the Jay Time de Face plugin and also employs the lock print function for debugging purposes. On the other hand, Arduino 1 R4 can only perform debugging by printing the variable results on the console. This limitation in debugging options can be a deciding factor for developers who heavily rely on debugging during their coding process.
Timers
The Arduino Nano boasts four timers of 54 bits, one timer of 52 bits, and three Watch Dogs. In comparison, Arduino 1 R4 has two 32-bit timers, six 16-bit timers, two general-purpose timers, and a wasto timer. While Arduino Nano offers a wider range of timers, Arduino 1 R4 provides more variety in terms of timer types.
Touch Inputs
When it comes to touch inputs, Arduino Nano excels by providing 14 available touch inputs through its module. In contrast, Arduino 1 R4 only offers two active inputs in this module. So, if your project heavily relies on touch sensing capabilities, Arduino Nano would be the better choice.
The Arduino Nano vs Arduino R4: A Comparison
Communication Ports
When comparing the Arduino Nano and Arduino R4, one important aspect to consider is their communication capabilities. The Arduino Nano is equipped with two ports: one SPI port and one I2C port. On the other hand, the Arduino R4 also has both an SPI and I2C port, along with an additional sound port. However, what sets them apart is their WiFi and Bluetooth capabilities. While the Arduino R4 is lacking in this regard, both boards are powered by the ESP32 S3 module.
USB and CAN Availability
Both the Arduino Nano and Arduino R4 have native USB ports on their boards. However, due to the use of a USB Type-C for programming, this port cannot be used for other functions. On the other hand, both boards are equipped with a CAN (Controller Area Network) port, allowing for greater connectivity options.
LED Matrix
A notable difference between the Arduino Nano and Arduino R4 lies in the number of LEDs available on their boards. The Arduino R4 takes the lead in this aspect, featuring a matrix of 96 LEDs arranged in a 12×8 formation. In contrast, the Arduino Nano does not offer as many LEDs on its board.
Arduino boards are an essential tool for electronics enthusiasts and professionals alike. Understanding the power input specifications of different Arduino boards, such as the Arduino Nano and Arduino Uno R4, is crucial for successful project development. Whether you need a compact board or one with a wider voltage range, Arduino offers a variety of options to suit your needs. So, the next time you embark on an Arduino project, make sure to choose the right board and power it accordingly for optimal performance.
In summary, both Arduino Nano and Arduino 1 R4 have their unique advantages and disadvantages. Arduino Nano stands out with its greater PWM capabilities, while Arduino 1 R4 excels in terms of sensor variety and timer options. If touch inputs are crucial for your project, Arduino Nano would be the preferred choice. Ultimately, the selection between these two models depends on the specific requirements of your project and the features that are most important to you.
In the battle between the Arduino Nano and Arduino R4, each board presents its own unique features. While the Arduino Nano comes out on top in terms of communication ports and CAN availability, the Arduino R4 shines with its impressive LED matrix. Ultimately, the choice between the two boards will depend on the specific requirements of your project.
