ESP8266 and Arduino Uno
The ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi module that can be used to connect an Arduino Uno to a wireless network. This allows the Arduino Uno to communicate with other devices over the internet, providing a great way to control and monitor devices remotely. In this video, we will show you how to program the Arduino Uno to access the GPIO pins and operate it over Wi-Fi.
Powering the Arduino Uno
In order to power the Arduino Uno, we will be using a smartphone battery USB connected. This will allow us to take the Arduino Uno remotely and still have it powered. Once the Arduino Uno is powered, we can begin programming it.
Project Overview
The project we will be working on is to measure the frequency of the wall outlet voltage supplied by your power company. This will be done by programming the Arduino Uno to calculate the frequency and send the resulting measurements over Wi-Fi. We will also be adding a four-dollar external Wi-Fi antenna to improve the range of the Arduino Uno. Once the project is complete, we will be able to take the Arduino Uno remotely and plug it into a wall outlet.
Programming the Arduino Uno
To program the Arduino Uno, we will need to install the Arduino IDE. This can be done by downloading the software from the Arduino website. Once the software is installed, we can begin programming the Arduino Uno. The code we will be using will be written in the C programming language and will be used to measure the frequency of the wall outlet voltage.
Testing the Project
Once the code is written, we can test the project by connecting the Arduino Uno to a wall outlet and measuring the frequency of the voltage. If the code is working correctly, the Arduino Uno should be able to measure the frequency and send the results over Wi-Fi.
Overview of Arduino Sketch
The Arduino sketch is a program written in the Arduino language, which is based on the C/C++ language. It is used to program the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 board, which is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 chip. The sketch is used to measure the frequency of the voltage coming from a wall outlet and to send the data over Wi Fi to a computer. The Arduino sketch consists of two parts: one for the ATmega328 and one for the ESP8266.
Writing the Arduino Sketch
To write the Arduino sketch, the user must first install the Arduino IDE, which is a software development environment used to write and upload the sketch to the board. After the IDE is installed, the user can then open the Arduino sketch and begin programming. The sketch is written in the Arduino language, which is based on the C/C++ language. The sketch consists of two parts: one for the ATmega328 and one for the ESP8266.
ATmega328 Sketch
The ATmega328 sketch is used to measure the frequency of the voltage coming from the wall outlet. The sketch consists of two parts: the setup() and loop() functions. The setup() function is used to initialize the board and set up the pins. The loop() function is used to measure the frequency and send the data over Wi Fi. The code for the ATmega328 sketch is as follows:
Void setup() {
// initialize the board
PinMode(2, INPUT); // set pin 2 as an input
Serial.begin(9600); // set the baud rate
}
Void loop() {
// measure the frequency
Int frequency = pulseIn(2, HIGH); // measure the frequency
Serial.println(frequency); // print the frequency
Delay(1000); // wait 1 second
}
ESP8266 Sketch
The ESP8266 sketch is used to send the data over Wi Fi. The sketch consists of two parts: the setup() and loop() functions. The setup() function is used to initialize the board and set up the Wi Fi connection. The loop() function is used to read the data from the ATmega328 board and send it over Wi Fi. The code for the ESP8266 sketch is as follows:
Void setup() {
// initialize the board
Serial.begin(9600); // set the baud rate
WiFi.begin(ssid, password); // connect to the Wi Fi network
}
Void loop() {
// read the data from the ATmega328 board
If (Serial.available()) {
Int frequency = Serial.read(); // read the data
// send the data over Wi Fi
WiFiClient client; // create a client
Client.connect(“192.168.1.1”, 80); // connect to the server
Client.println(frequency); // send the data
Client.stop(); // close the connection
}
Delay(1000); // wait 1 second
}
AtMega328 Sketch
The AtMega328 sketch is responsible for sensing the incoming waveform from the wall outlet voltage and calculating the frequency. This is achieved by initializing the internal timer 1 and detecting the zero crossings to set and reset the timer counter. Every 0.1 seconds, the latest count of the number of two megahertz pulses is grabbed and converted into a frequency value which is then sent to the ESP8266 over the serial connection.
The code used for this calculation is fairly complex and requires a thorough understanding of timers and interrupts. To make the process easier to understand, a recent video was released which explains the details of the code and how it works.
ESP8266 Sketch
The ESP8266 sketch is responsible for taking the frequency value sent by the AtMega328 and sending it over Wi-Fi to the computer. This is achieved by connecting to the Wi-Fi network and then sending the frequency value as a string. The code for this is relatively simple and is shown below:
Void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
While (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
Delay(500);
Serial.print(“.”);
}
Serial.println(“”);
Serial.println(“WiFi connected”);
}
Void loop() {
If (Serial.available()) {
String frequency = Serial.readString();
WiFi.print(frequency);
}
}
The code begins by connecting to the Wi-Fi network using the SSID and password provided. Once connected, it waits for the frequency value to be sent from the AtMega328 over the serial connection. Once received, it sends the frequency value as a string over the Wi-Fi network.
Setting Up the Void
The initial step in setting up the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 is to establish the void. This involves setting an unused register to zero and instructing the atmega328 to use a 16 megahertz internal clock signal. To reduce the frequency, the code is modified to drop the value by a factor of 8. This is followed by resetting the timer one to zero and enabling the timer one overflow interrupt.
Defining the Interrupt
The next step is to define the interrupt that will be used to detect the signal from the wall outlet. This is done by attaching the interrupt to the digital pin and setting it to the rising edge of the incoming wave. Furthermore, an integer timer one is established to keep track of the count every cycle, as well as a frequency value. This is followed by defining the event handler.
Writing the Arduino Sketch
The Arduino sketch is then written to begin the counting of the incoming waveform frequencies. This is done by first declaring the variables and setting up the void. This is followed by defining the interrupt and writing the code to detect the signal from the wall outlet. The code is then written to count the incoming waveform frequencies every cycle and to store the values in an array. Finally, the code is written to display the values on the serial monitor.
Interrupt Service Routine
An interrupt service routine (ISR) is a particular type of computer program that is used to respond to an interrupt request from hardware or software. In the case of the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266, the ISR is used to reset the timer value when the timer overflows. This ensures that the timer is always set to the correct value and that the frequency of the incoming waveform is accurately measured.
Void Loop
The void loop is the main loop of the Arduino program and is responsible for grabbing the count value from the incoming waveform and converting it to a frequency value. The count value is set to the current timer one value, which is an integer number of counts at a rate of two megahertz between Rising Edge interrupts. Every tenth of a second, the delay of tenth of a second is used to grab the latest count for the latest period of the waveform and this value is used to calculate the frequency. If the value is zero, the frequency is set to zero.
Calculating Frequency
In order to calculate the frequency of the incoming waveform, the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 uses the count value from the timer one to determine the period of the waveform. This is done by dividing the count value by the clock frequency, which in this case is two megahertz. The result of this calculation is the period of the waveform, which is then used to calculate the frequency. The frequency is calculated by taking the inverse of the period, which is then multiplied by one thousand to convert it to hertz.
Arduino Sketch
The Arduino sketch is a program that is written to control the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266. This sketch is responsible for connecting the Arduino to a server over Wi-Fi, and sending the frequency value calculated by the ATmega328 every half second. In order to program the Arduino, the user must first enter a certain mode. This involves setting up the SSID and password, and configuring the Arduino as a client.
Serial Print Line
The Arduino sketch uses a Serial Print Line to send the frequency value to the ESP8266. This value is calculated by dividing 2 megahertz by the number of counts. The Serial Print Line also specifies the number of decimal points to be used when sending the frequency value.
Loop Functionality
The loop functionality of the Arduino sketch is responsible for calculating the frequency of the incoming waveform every cycle. However, the frequency value is only grabbed every tenth of a second, or ten times a second. This ensures that the frequency value is accurate and up-to-date.
Wi-Fi Connection
Once the frequency value is calculated, the Arduino sketch sends it over Wi-Fi to the server. This is done via the ESP8266, which is responsible for establishing the connection between the Arduino and the server. The frequency value is then sent to the server every half second.
Arduino Sketch
The Arduino sketch is the code that is used to control the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266. It consists of two main functions, the void setup and the void loop. The void setup is used to initialize the Serial connection and connect to the Wi-Fi network. The void loop is used to continuously check for a connection to the server and read any incoming data.
Void Setup
The void setup is used to initialize the Serial connection and connect to the Wi-Fi network. This is done by using the Serial.begin(115200) command and the WiFi.begin() command. Once the Serial connection is established and the Wi-Fi connection is established, the Arduino is ready to start sending and receiving data.
Void Loop
The void loop is used to continuously check for a connection to the server and read any incoming data. This is done by using a while loop to check if the Arduino is connected to the server, and if not, it will attempt to connect. Once connected, the Arduino will use the client.connect() command to connect to the host and port number. This will allow the Arduino to receive any data sent from the server. The data received is then read using the client.read() command, which will return a value in the form of a string. This value is then parsed and used to control the Arduino.
Reading Serial Data
The Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 requires the responses from the atmega to be read from the input buffer and the latest one to be sent to the C Sharp application. To do this, a while loop is used to read the strings until the new line or Line Feed character is encountered. This will read all of the 60.00 backslash R backslash n strings in the buffer and set the receive string to the latest one.
Sending Data Over Wi-Fi
Once the string is read, it is sent over Wi-Fi using the client.print command. This is repeated every half second to ensure the latest reading is sent. The details of how this is done are explained in previous videos.
Tweaking the C Sharp Application
The C Sharp application needs to be tweaked to read the value sent over Wi-Fi and display the latest reading. This will be demonstrated in the next video.
The Arduino Sketch
The Arduino Sketch is the programming language used to write code for the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266. It is a simplified version of C++, which makes it easy to learn and use. The Arduino Sketch is used to create programs that can be uploaded to the board and run. The code is written in the Arduino IDE, which is a free software package available for download.
Creating a Sketch
Creating a sketch for the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 is a straightforward process. First, the user must open the Arduino IDE and create a new sketch. Then, the user can begin writing code. The code can be written using the Arduino Sketch language, or it can be written in C++. Once the code is written, it can be uploaded to the board.
Debugging and Troubleshooting
Debugging and troubleshooting are important aspects of programming with the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266. The Arduino IDE includes a built-in debugger that can be used to identify and fix errors in the code. The debugger can be used to step through the code line-by-line, allowing the user to identify and fix any errors. Additionally, the Arduino IDE includes a serial monitor that can be used to view the output of the program.
In this video, we have shown you how to program an Arduino Uno with Wi-Fi to measure the frequency of a wall outlet voltage. We have also discussed how to power the Arduino Uno remotely and how to add an external Wi-Fi antenna to improve the range. With this project, you will be able to measure the frequency of the wall outlet voltage remotely and access the results over Wi-Fi.
The Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 can be used to detect and count the incoming waveform frequencies. This involves setting up the void, defining the interrupt, and writing the Arduino sketch. Once the code is written, the values can be displayed on the serial monitor.
The Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 is an inexpensive and powerful microcontroller that can be used to measure the frequency of an incoming waveform. The ISR is used to reset the timer value when the timer overflows and the void loop is used to grab the count value and convert it to a frequency value. The frequency is calculated by taking the inverse of the period, which is then multiplied by one thousand to convert it to hertz.
The Arduino sketch is an essential part of the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266. It is responsible for connecting the Arduino to a server over Wi-Fi, calculating the frequency of the incoming waveform, and sending the frequency value to the server every half second. This ensures that the frequency value is accurate and up-to-date.
The Arduino sketch is an essential part of the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 project. It consists of two main functions, the void setup and the void loop. The void setup is used to initialize the Serial connection and connect to the Wi-Fi network, while the void loop is used to continuously check for a connection to the server and read any incoming data. By understanding the code used to control the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266, users can create a variety of projects.
The Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266 is a great platform for learning and experimenting with programming. The Arduino Sketch language is easy to learn and use, and the Arduino IDE provides a powerful set of tools for debugging and troubleshooting. With the Arduino Uno WiFi ESP8266, anyone can create their own projects and explore the world of programming.
