arduino enum
If this than that logic, but if you have a number of different possible outcomes for a single event, then you’ll end up using a long list of if statements comparing the same values and that’ll work. Just fine it’s, not a problem, but there are better ways to do it, which brings us to using switch cases. A switch case allows you to use a variable or value and create a series of outcomes or cases depending on the value results. For example, imagine that you’ve got a variable which could be any number between 0 and 9, and what you want is something different to happen for each possible value. You could, of course, use a series of if statements which would look like this let’s take a look at the Arduino IDE, so you could go into your loop and create if some value is equal to 0 and do something break out of that. If some value is equal to 1 break out of that and do something you would end up with a very convoluted list, which is not what you want, you want it to be elegant and simple, or you could use a switch case which makes everything simpler and Easier to understand to create a switch case, you use the following: syntax let’s. Take a look! So if we remove all of this, we use a switch case much in the same way as an if statement, your eyes switch and we put into brackets the variables that we like to compare.
So again. We use some value in our brackets and we use the following syntax. We use case, and this is where it gets a little odd, a little different. We use case with a regular column, so it double dot here enter and it doesn’t recognize that as a new level. So you want to styling purposes. Perhaps you want to hit tab and then you can create whatever it is. You want, and in case you, you put your values so let’s say again: we use the example. 0, the case Europe, the case where some value is equal to zero. You can do through something here and then much like our for loops and while loops we use great and that will exit that particular case and it can only ever perform or Excel neither equal one case at a time. So we’ll go through and we’ll create case. One we can do something here and break out of that now. What this means is that it’s not going to go on to case zero if something happens to change goes on to case one again we’re using break which breaks out of this switch here now, of course, you could not use break and it will perform case zero And go on and check the others, but generally that’s, not how you want to use which cases to break get out of this switch or performs whatever function it is. You could jump to another section of your code, perform a simple action and then break out of it.
Switch cases are super useful, so let’s look at using something in a practical context. So I’ve got the source code for the mini project here and it’s. All pretty straightforward. We’Ve got our pin definitions, a global variable which were calling last type value which are going to keep track of whether our value has changed so again take the potentiometer and wire. It up to our board, so we can explain the code as if it’s working so again, if you remember back to our section on using analog pins I’m, taking one pin connecting it up to ground making sure to keep my head out of the way X. The other pin up to five volts, nothing. We haven’t done before and I’m connecting the middle pin up to a zero, which is our hot pin and happy now. We’Ve got that set up let’s go through the code, so setting up up here now is normal. Initializing up to report nothing out of the ordinary there, then, what we’re doing is we’re taking port value and we’re assigning it to the analog read of type pin which, as we know, is 0 to 1023 it’s, a 10 bit value and then we’re going to divide It by 255: why are we doing this well it’s, going to give us five different values? If we divide 1023 we’ll have one thousand 24 by 255, you will get five. You get five different case of the week news from 0 to 4, remembering that let zero indexing them so let’s go through and take a look at what we’re doing so.
It divided by 255, which means the plot value, will equal zero one. Two three or four really simple, integer numbers so case zero, so we’ve entered our switch case here and a bubble. If you can see, we’ve got another if segment what’s that all about well here, we’re using another relational operator, which we looked at in some of the previous loops and we’re, going to take a more in depth. Look at in the next chapter on operators. So what we’re saying here is: if plot value is not equal to, you might have seen. The double equal signs which means is equal to well is not equal to is a check, and in the previous tutorial, where we were using a total value, we had it. The other way around we had you read left to right is equal to not last top value, but if we put the exclamation mark before this is where the syntax is really important, we’re saying, if type values is not equal to, and so you can read it Actually makes sense when you read English: what value is not equal to last spot values and the reason for this is we’re going to be printing out some outcomes based on the value of the top, but if we didn’t have this in, here is, if we left It on the 1 value, what would keep printing and keep going through that switch case, but we only really want to know when it changes.
We want to know something different happens if it enters a new range, which is why we’ve got that check in there and at the very end, you can see that we update last what to equal. What the current value is equal to now switch 0 we’re going to print out very low in the case of one located to moderate, okay, so three high case of four extreme and then we’re using an extra thing here called default with that. Well, it is equivalent to the else statement from our ear statements, it’s saying if none of these are true, if it doesn’t meet any of those, is to back up a contingency a default. If none of those is equal to half something’s gone wrong on our board and we want to know about it. So if none of those are true at the very end, then we print error and we break out of it quite a simple project with a lot of fun, so let’s upload it and see how we go handy trick I’m using the shortcut control? U or command? U, if you’re on a mac to upload your code, which says we have to create the button all the time, let’s open up a serial monitor, so let’s try turning it all the way. 0. Sorry all the way up, we can see that it goes to extreme. Now, if we turn it back, the other way there’s a little bit of jail a little bit of noise in the channel that goes from high to moderate, to low to very low and that’s the range of our potentiometer, and that annoy is why it’s registering multiple Times is a little bit of noise in the actual voltages that are going on that so it’s between this threshold and it’s triggering back and forth it’s, not a super Queen trigger and there’s ways you can as methods you can do to get around that and to Filter that out further but that’s not really the point of this.
We all let’s go for looking at switch cases and it’s a really cool usage of taking a set of events and bypassing the need for long estate, which, which will just quite a rocky code, make really hard to read the equivalent of that in. If statements would take up, perhaps 2 3 4 times in my turn, depending on how you assignment so much cleaner and much simpler, so that’s a bit about different logic, statements, there’s plenty, more other things you can do such as do and try and different methods, but Most projects can be accomplished using a combination of what we’ve covered so far and to finish off the chapter, we’re going to be looking at mathematical functions and operators and all those functions in general.
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kool one bro
can we make a code like this
switch(situation && led1){
case 1 && HIGH:
do something
break;
}
HI
can you help and suggest me how to add 2 second delay in the any of CASE .
I am getting Arduino: 1.8.5 (Windows Store 1.8.10.0) (Windows 10), Board: “Arduino/Genuino Uno”
In file included from C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\dice_for_catan\dice_for_catan.ino:3:0:
C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\libraries\DFR_LCD_Keypad-master/DFR_LCD_Keypad.h:35:35: error: expected unqualified-id before numeric constant
#define DFR_LCD_KEYPAD_KEY_SELECT 4
^
C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\libraries\DFR_LCD_Keypad-master/DFR_LCD_Keypad.h:55:20: note: in expansion of macro ‘DFR_LCD_KEYPAD_KEY_SELECT’
#define KEY_SELECT DFR_LCD_KEYPAD_KEY_SELECT
^
C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\dice_for_catan\dice_for_catan.ino:12:5: note: in expansion of macro ‘KEY_SELECT’
int KEY_SELECT;
^
C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\dice_for_catan\dice_for_catan.ino: In function ‘void loop()’:
dice_for_catan:37: error: case label ‘1’ not within a switch statement
case 1:
^
dice_for_catan:39: error: break statement not within loop or switch
break;
^
dice_for_catan:41: error: case label ‘0’ not within a switch statement
case 0:
^
dice_for_catan:42: error: ‘nothing’ was not declared in this scope
do nothing
^
dice_for_catan:43: error: expected ‘while’ before ‘}’ token
}
^
dice_for_catan:43: error: expected ‘(‘ before ‘}’ token
dice_for_catan:43: error: expected primary-expression before ‘}’ token
dice_for_catan:43: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘}’ token
dice_for_catan:43: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘}’ token
C:\Users\taran\Documents\Arduino\dice_for_catan\dice_for_catan.ino: At global scope:
dice_for_catan:46: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘(‘ token
randomSeed(analogRead(0));
^
dice_for_catan:48: error: ‘diceOne’ does not name a type
diceOne = random(1, 7);
^
dice_for_catan:49: error: ‘diceTwo’ does not name a type
diceTwo = random(1, 7);
^
dice_for_catan:52: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘;’ token
buildUp();
^
dice_for_catan:53: error: ‘lcd’ does not name a type
lcd.clear();
^
dice_for_catan:54: error: ‘lcd’ does not name a type
lcd.setCursor(7, 0);
^
dice_for_catan:55: error: ‘lcd’ does not name a type
lcd.print(diceOne);
^
dice_for_catan:56: error: ‘lcd’ does not name a type
lcd.setCursor(7, 1);
^
dice_for_catan:57: error: ‘lcd’ does not name a type
lcd.print(diceTwo);
^
dice_for_catan:59: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘if’
if (diceOne + diceTwo == 7) {
^
dice_for_catan:67: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘if’
if (diceOne + diceTwo == 5,4,3,2,6 ){
^
dice_for_catan:72: error: expected declaration before ‘}’ token
}
^
exit status 1
case label ‘1’ not within a switch statement
This report would have more information with
LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 4, 5, 6, 7);
“Show verbose output during compilation”
option enabled in File -> Preferences.
can someone help me with this code?
#include
#include
#include
int localKey = 1;
int count = 0;
long diceOne;
long diceTwo;
int countDelay = 220;
int setColumn = 0;
int SAMPLE_WAIT;
int KEY_SELECT;
void setup() {
lcd.begin(2,16);
lcd.setCursor(8, 0);
lcd.print(“Roll the dice!”);
}
void buildUp() {
lcd.clear();
for (count = 0; count <= 16; count++) { lcd.setCursor(setColumn, 0); lcd.print(random(1, 7)); lcd.setCursor(setColumn, 1); lcd.print(random(1, 7)); delay(countDelay); countDelay -= 13; setColumn += 1; } } void loop() { switch (KEY_SELECT); case 1: lcd.print("rolling dice"); break; case 0: do nothing } randomSeed(analogRead(0)); diceOne = random(1, 7); diceTwo = random(1, 7); buildUp(); lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(7, 0); lcd.print(diceOne); lcd.setCursor(7, 1); lcd.print(diceTwo); if (diceOne + diceTwo == 7) { lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(7, 0); lcd.print("7"); lcd.setCursor(3, 1); lcd.print("The pirate"); if (diceOne + diceTwo == 5,4,3,2,6 ){ lcd.clear(); lcd.setCursor(7, 0); lcd.print("5,4,3,2,6"); } } } BTW I'm trying to make a digital dice to play catan dice
This actually really helped. Sure explained it better than my college professor
I wanted your help on a project like SWITCH..case 0: (volts = xxx .. loop) push button changes to case 1: temperature = xxx ° c … loop) on a lcd 20×4 or 16×2
great job
who wrote this kick ass bgm
Why do you have to divide by 255, it just rounds to 4 and isnt equal. I get that there are 4 states then but it seems kinda arbitrary. Or is it stemming from byte logic /binary?
U know how it says:
int PotValue = analogRead…
The integer part means that the value stored will be whole and not decimal. Decimal values are floats.
Well i just trew it out of my window i cant even let a relay work with a switch
is it also possible to make a case for multiple cases like case 1 or 2:
Hi, well it’s a bit hard when setting a User interface LCD menu and sub menu
its complicating for even a simple RTC ds3231 TIME and Date setup with a rotary encoder
i hope you make a Tuto covering this bit example
thanks
You are the best bro
really good explanation. sometimes we use if (if…)I mean if inside if, can we use it in switch case? switch case(somevalue1)
case (switch case(somevalue2):??. can you help. will be grateful.
Hi, I need to compare 4 digital outputs, someone knows how it’s done.
If the 4 are in high state of true and continue the program
Hi there…wanting to understand the switch case exercise, can I presume that 255 is meant for a byte data type? I know you used an int data type, but Im trying to make sense of why you chose 255….tnx
255 is just a number that conveniently divides the return of an analog pin (which is always 1024) into 5 parts to show 5 different outcomes of his case presentation
Very well explained. Thx!
Thanks a lot!
I had to stick masking tape on my screen to cover your hands
Why??